Masonic Black
Chinese made buildings with sticky rice and lime mortar
About 1,500 years ago Chinese masons were using world’s first composite mortar made with both organic and inorganic materials. Interestingly one of the key ingredients in this mortar was sticky rice. However, the chemical component in the sticky rice responsible for its strong adhesion characteristic in the mortar was not known. A new study in the news magazine Sciguru details the chemical nature of the sticky rice ingredient in the mortar used by the ancient Chinese architects.
According to the study, the ancient Chinese used sticky rice soup mixed with lime to make this super strong mortar which they used to bind and fill gaps between bricks and stones. Sticky rice soup was cooked and slaked lime was added to it. Some of the city walls, pagodas and tombs made using this formula are still intact and resilient to the time ravages.
The stickiness of the sticky rice is mainly due to the carbohydrate ingredient, amylopectin. a polymer of glucose. Other varieties of rice may contain varying amounts of amylose, in addition to amylopectin. Amylose is also a carbohydrate. Carbohydrates are complex sugar molecules and are considered organic, as they contain carbon-carbon bonds. Simple and complex organic compounds form fundamental chemical constituents of living beings. The carbohydrate amylopectin is a plant-derived carbohydrate. Slaked lime is inorganic. So the mixture formed in the mortar is called an organic-inorganic one. When scientists added the inorganic calcium carbonate to organic amylopectin, the growth of calcium carbonate crystal was inhibited resulting in a super strong composite mortar. Based on these experiments they concluded that sticky rice-lime mortar is perfectly suited for restoring ancient buildings and structures.
It may be mistakenly understood that the strength of the mortar is due to the same quality that imparted stickiness to the rice. Though amylopectin is responsible for the glutenous nature of the cooked rice, in the mortar amylopectin acts as an inhibitor of calcium carbonate crystal formation, resulting in a compact microstructure and good performance.
It is unlikely that the masons of 1500 BC knew the function of rice soup in lime mortar. Their trial and error methods to improve the performance of the lime mortar using locally available organic materials might have led them to this combination. It is not surprising as ancient civilizations had developed ingenious ways to harness nature for advancing life. Interestingly, it is said that the ground of Xianyang palace site was found to be constructed by pig blood, lime and stone. The ancient Chinese artists used to paint with black inks made from pine soot and animal glue, and 5000 years ago. 5000 years ago the Egyptians used hide glue as furniture adhesives. In fact in some restoration efforts the sticky-rice mortar is still used in China.
The report was based on the study of Drs Fuwei yang, Bingjian Zhang, and Qinglin Ma and published in the journal of the American Chemical Society.
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Is Call of Duty: Masonic Black Ops game?
Freemason Symbolism (pyramid with an eye): Also http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zUeKEHVwf6E the protagonist's name is Mason. In mission 2 of Prison Break … Vorkuta the release of a mason, said Reznov even at the end "being a freemason!" – Be a bricklayer. Coincidence? You probably do not know.
Well first, the eye on the pyramid is not a Masonic symbol. A video of a few ignorant UBoob candidate saying he is not a test. The eye or eyes that everything has already been widely used in the art of the Middle Ages and after the Renaissance. Has been used by anyone who tries to get the message that God is all-seeing or always on the lookout. Mason symbol adopted after being placed on the Great Seal of the United States. Not appear anywhere in the masonry after 1790. Informally adopted and has never been an official symbol of Freemasonry. Also, never has been used in the masonry in a pyramid. For a better explanation of these things, see here: http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/27807.pdf: http://www.masonicinfo.com/greatseal.htm here and now in recent years and more than a few books and films on the generation of interest issue, it is likely that manufacturers of CoD: Operations Black are all enjoying this. Of course, manufacturers of games I have to say for sure. Finally remember is just a game and the characters are fictitious address.
Masonic – Black Bile codex in London
